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Related Concept Videos

Field Application of Global Positioning System01:28

Field Application of Global Positioning System

323
The Global Positioning System (GPS) has become an indispensable tool in fieldwork, offering unparalleled precision and efficiency for surveying, navigation, and infrastructure development. By harnessing signals from a constellation of satellites, GPS receivers determine the location of objects with remarkable speed and accuracy, often completing calculations within a second.Advantages of Modern GPS TechnologyContemporary GPS receivers are designed to meet the practical demands of field...
323
Types of Global Positioning System Surveys01:30

Types of Global Positioning System Surveys

348
GPS surveying methods vary in application, accuracy, and data collection techniques, catering to diverse surveying and mapping needs. Static GPS, kinematic GPS, and real-time kinematic (RTK) surveying are widely used. Each technique offers distinct advantages.Static GPS involves placing one receiver at a known reference point and another at the target point. It collects exact positional data by observing multiple satellite ranges over an extended period, achieving centimeter-level accuracy for...
348
Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments01:30

Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments

465
Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments (EDMs) are essential tools in modern surveying, offering precise distance measurements by emitting electromagnetic signals and calculating the time required for these signals to travel to a target and return. Two primary types of signals are used in EDMs — light waves and microwaves — each suited to specific environmental and distance requirements. Light-wave-based EDMs utilize either infrared or laser light, providing high accuracy over...
465
Design Example: Identifying the Locations of Monuments in the Field Using Global Positioning System Device01:30

Design Example: Identifying the Locations of Monuments in the Field Using Global Positioning System Device

382
Surveyors use Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to measure the precise location and elevation of points on Earth. In a recent survey, GPS receivers were used to determine the coordinates and elevations of two park monuments. The process involved careful mission planning, data collection, and correction to ensure accuracy. The survey began with mission planning to identify optimal satellite visibility and minimize Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP). A geodetic control point...
382
Introduction to Global Positioning System01:30

Introduction to Global Positioning System

471
The Global Positioning System (GPS) revolutionized positioning on Earth, providing precise location data through satellite ranging. The GPS system was developed in 1978 by the U.S. Department of Defense  for military use, and it became available for civilian applications in 1983, transforming fields including navigation, fleet management, and time synchronization for telecommunications systems.GPS consists of satellites in medium Earth orbit, about 20,200 kilometers above the surface,...
471
Design Example: Measuring Distance Between Two Points with Obstructions01:10

Design Example: Measuring Distance Between Two Points with Obstructions

389
When measuring distances in areas with physical obstructions, such as a lake in a field, surveyors must employ techniques to calculate accurate lengths without direct line measurements. One effective method is the offset technique, which allows for precise distance estimation over inaccessible stretches.In this scenario, a surveyor must measure a side of an area that crosses a lake. Since the measuring tape cannot span the lake, the surveyor begins by establishing a baseline that aligns with...
389

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Measurement of Extracellular Ion Fluxes Using the Ion-selective Self-referencing Microelectrode Technique
09:18

Measurement of Extracellular Ion Fluxes Using the Ion-selective Self-referencing Microelectrode Technique

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Development of Mobile Robot-Based Precision 3D Position Measurement System.

Pilgong Choi1, Jeng-O Kim1, Myeongjun Kim1,2

  • 1Department of Laser & Electron Beam Technologies, Advanced Manufacturing Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials, Deajeon 34103, Republic of Korea.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 19, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces an automated system for placing ship docking blocks, significantly improving safety and efficiency in dry dock repairs. The innovative robotic solution reduces setup time and enhances precision for naval vessel maintenance.

Keywords:
3D laser tracker3D point cloudaccuracy of measurementdry-dock

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Area of Science:

  • Robotics and Automation
  • Marine Engineering
  • Computer Vision

Background:

  • Traditional manual docking block placement is time-consuming and hazardous.
  • Existing methods for large ship and naval vessel repairs lack efficiency and safety.
  • Manual operations involve heavy materials and pose significant risks to workers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an automated docking block placement system for ship repairs.
  • To enhance safety, reduce setup time, and increase efficiency in dry dock operations.
  • To provide a precise and reliable solution for relocating docking blocks.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of an unmanned crane, a 6-DOF robotic platform, and a mobile robot with 3D precision positioning.
  • Utilized a 3D laser tracker, LiDAR, and RTK-GPS for millimeter-level positional feedback.
  • Developed a target block with an algorithm (DBSCAN, KD-Tree, RANSAC) for vertex detection from 3D point cloud data.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a positional measurement error within 0.5 mm at an 8 m distance.
  • Successfully automated the relocation of docking blocks.
  • Demonstrated significant reduction in setup time and enhanced worker safety.

Conclusions:

  • The automated docking block placement system offers a safer and more efficient alternative to manual methods.
  • The system enhances the overall capacity and efficiency of dry dock maintenance operations.
  • This technology represents a significant advancement in naval vessel repair and maintenance.