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Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Conventional Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Depression: A Step-by-Step Protocol
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Standard Versus Enhanced Measurement-Based Care Effectiveness for Depression (EMBED): Protocol for a Cluster

Raymond W Lam1, Erin E Michalak1, Jill K Murphy2

  • 1Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, CAN.

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|September 19, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Enhanced measurement-based care (eMBC) using WeChat shows promise for improving depression treatment outcomes. This approach may overcome barriers to standard care, benefiting patients in China and globally.

Keywords:
assessmentcluster trialdepressionimplementationmeasurement-based caremixed-methodsmobile healthrandomizedscaleswechat

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Area of Science:

  • Mental Health Research
  • Digital Health Implementation
  • Clinical Trial Design

Background:

  • Measurement-based care (MBC) improves outcomes for major depressive disorder (MDD) but faces implementation barriers.
  • Enhanced MBC (eMBC) utilizing mobile apps and WeChat may address these challenges.
  • eMBC integrates patient outcome tracking and self-management support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the implementation and clinical effectiveness of eMBC via WeChat against standard MBC.
  • To evaluate eMBC's impact on patient outcomes and treatment adherence.
  • To explore contextual factors influencing eMBC implementation through qualitative analysis.

Main Methods:

  • A hybrid implementation-effectiveness cluster randomized trial (RCT) in 12 Shanghai mental health centers.
  • Two arms: standard MBC (paper-pencil) vs. eMBC (WeChat mini-program with lay coach support).
  • Six-month follow-up with 1200 patients and 240 physicians; mixed-methods analysis.

Main Results:

  • Primary implementation outcome: patient PHQ-9 score recording at six months.
  • Primary clinical outcome: clinical remission (PHQ-9 ≤ 4) at six months.
  • Secondary outcomes include medication adherence, doctor-patient alliance, and cost-benefit analysis.

Conclusions:

  • This trial will provide evidence on the effectiveness of eMBC with WeChat for depression treatment.
  • Findings will guide the broader implementation of eMBC in China and internationally.
  • eMBC has the potential to enhance mental healthcare delivery through digital tools.