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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

Preventive Healthcare Services

Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...

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Risk Factors for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer: A Nested Case‒Control Study within the Korean National Health

Ji Yoon Baek1,2,3,4, Seung-Yong Jeong1,2,5, Aesun Shin1,2,3,4

  • 1Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

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Rising early-onset colorectal cancer (EoCRC) is linked to modifiable lifestyle factors. High BMI, smoking, inactivity, and alcohol use are key risks, with notable sex differences, especially in females.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Global incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EoCRC) is increasing.
  • Risk factors for EoCRC are not fully understood, particularly in Asian populations.
  • This study investigated modifiable risk factors for EoCRC in Korea.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify key modifiable risk factors associated with early-onset colorectal cancer (EoCRC) in the Korean population.
  • To analyze sex-specific differences in risk factor contributions to EoCRC.
  • To inform targeted prevention strategies for EoCRC.

Main Methods:

  • A nested case-control study utilized the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort (NHIS-HEALS) from 2002-2019.
  • Early-onset colorectal cancer (EoCRC) cases (aged 40-49) were matched 1:15 with controls.
  • Conditional logistic regression and population attributable fraction (PAF) calculations were employed to assess risk factors.

Main Results:

  • High body mass index (BMI) and a history of other cancers were significant risk factors for EoCRC.
  • Population attributable fractions (PAFs) for EoCRC were higher than for late-onset colorectal cancer (LoCRC), particularly in females.
  • Key contributors to EoCRC in males included high BMI and smoking; in females, high BMI, prior cancer history, physical inactivity, and alcohol use were predominant.

Conclusions:

  • Metabolic and lifestyle factors such as high BMI, smoking, physical inactivity, and alcohol consumption are major drivers of EoCRC.
  • Significant sex-specific differences exist, with females exhibiting more pronounced risk factor impacts.
  • Lifestyle interventions targeting obesity, smoking, inactivity, and alcohol consumption are recommended for EoCRC prevention, especially in high-risk individuals.