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The Experience of Deciding: An Electroencephalography Study.

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Our study reveals that brain activity before spontaneous actions reflects what we are aware of. Neural signals correlate with the clarity of our decisions and the feeling of imagined movements.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Philosophy of Mind

Background:

  • The degree of free will and responsibility is linked to our awareness of action-influencing factors.
  • Prior research compared decision awareness onset with preceding brain activity, suggesting potential unawareness of some influences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the contents of awareness at the reported time of decision.
  • To explore the relationship between neural signals and subjective experiences of decision-making and imagination.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) signals preceding voluntary and imagined movements.
  • Correlation of EEG signals with self-reported clarity, vividness, and felt activity of decision-making and imagination.

Main Results:

  • Neural signals preceding spontaneous actions correlate with the reported clarity and vividness of the decision experience.
  • EEG signals before imagined movements relate to the reported felt activity during imagination.

Conclusions:

  • Neural signals associated with spontaneous actions reflect aspects the agent is at least partly aware of.
  • Subjective experiences of decision-making and imagination have measurable neural correlates.