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Related Concept Videos

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications01:30

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications

1.2K
Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
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Solvents01:12

Solvents

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A solvent is a substance, most often a liquid, that can dissolve other substances. Here, the substance being dissolved is called a solute. When a solvent and a solute combine, they form a solution - a homogenous mixture of both the solvent and the solute. Water is a universal biological solvent. Its polar structure allows it to dissolve many other polar compounds. The ability of water to dissolve is governed by a balance between water molecules binding to each other and binding to the solute.
A...
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Solution Formation02:16

Solution Formation

36.7K
There is no one solvent that can dissolve every type of solute. Some substances that readily dissolve in a certain solvent might be insoluble in a different solvent. A simple way to predict which substances dissolve in which solvent is the phrase "like dissolves like". This means that polar substances, such as salt and sugar, dissolve in a polar substance like water. In contrast, non-polar substances are more soluble in non-polar solvents such as carbon tetrachloride.
This selective...
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Molecular Shape and Polarity03:37

Molecular Shape and Polarity

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Dipole Moment of a Molecule
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Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

1.1K
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
1.1K
Solubility03:00

Solubility

20.9K
Solution, Solubility, and Solubility Equilibrium
A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of a solvent, the major component, and a solute, the minor component. The physical state of a solution—solid, liquid, or gas—is typically the same as that of the solvent. Solute concentrations are often described with qualitative terms such as dilute (of relatively low concentration) and concentrated (of relatively high concentration).
In a solution, the solute particles (molecules,...
20.9K

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Preparation of Binary and Ternary Deep Eutectic Systems
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SUPRADES: unlocking the versatility of cyclodextrin-based deep eutectic solvents.

Nikita V Pawar1, Maheshkumar R Borkar2

  • 1Department of Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India.

Journal of Drug Targeting
|September 20, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Supramolecular Deep Eutectic Solvents (SUPRADES) offer greener alternatives to traditional solvents. These advanced systems enhance drug solubility, extraction, and separation, surpassing limitations of earlier solvent technologies.

Keywords:
CyclodextrinSUPRADESdeep eutectic solventsextractionsupramolecular deep eutectic solvents

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Area of Science:

  • Green Chemistry
  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Growing environmental concerns drive the search for sustainable chemical technologies.
  • Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) are emerging as eco-friendly alternatives to conventional organic solvents and ionic liquids (ILs).
  • Deep Eutectic Supramolecular Polymers (DESPs) integrate DESs with macrocyclic hosts like cyclodextrins, cucurbiturils, and crown ethers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of Supramolecular Deep Eutectic Solvents (SUPRADES).
  • To explore the diverse applications of SUPRADES in areas such as drug solubility enhancement, compound extraction, chiral separation, and volatile organic compound absorption.
  • To highlight the advantages of SUPRADES over traditional DESs and ILs, focusing on improved selectivity, tuneability, and biocompatibility.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on SUPRADES, Cyclodextrin-based DES (CycloDES), and Low Melting Mixtures (LMMs).
  • Comparative analysis of SUPRADES against traditional DESs and ILs.
  • Examination of host-guest interactions and molecular recognition capabilities within SUPRADES.

Main Results:

  • SUPRADES demonstrate enhanced molecular recognition power and designed host-guest interactions compared to traditional DESs and ILs.
  • Key applications include significant improvements in drug solubility, efficiency in extraction processes, and effectiveness in chiral separations.
  • SUPRADES offer advantages such as improved selectivity, tuneability, and biocompatibility, addressing limitations of previous solvent systems.

Conclusions:

  • SUPRADES represent a significant advancement in green solvent technology, offering superior performance and environmental benefits.
  • Their unique properties enable them to overcome deficiencies associated with conventional solvents and earlier DES formulations.
  • Future applications are proposed for the practical utilization of SUPRADES in various industrial and scientific fields.