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Transforming Dental Morphology Education: The Impact of Three-Dimensional Digital Simulation on Practical Skill
Ming-Sung Hsu1, Chun-Liang Yeh2, Shih-Jung Cheng3
1Department of Dental Technology, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan.
Objectives:
This study evaluated the effectiveness of integrating three-dimensional (3D) digital simulation technology in dental morphology practical courses for dental technician students.
Methods:
A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 86 second-year dental technology students assigned to experimental (n = 43) and control (n = 43) groups. The experimental group received preclass digital learning using exocad software and interactive 3D tooth models, supplemented by a clinical instructor-led 3D digital tooth modelling course. The control group followed traditional instruction with teacher demonstrations and manual practice. Learning outcomes were assessed through semester grades, a practical carving test, and a satisfaction survey.
Results:
The experimental group showed a significant increase in semester grades (pretest: 67.4 ± 6.2; post-test: 71.9 ± 7.9; P < .001), while the control group declined (pretest: 62.8 ± 2.8; post-test: 60.5 ± 7.6; P = .037). Practical test scores were significantly higher in the experimental group (60.3 ± 8.5 vs 47.0 ± 5.9; P < .001). Strong correlations existed between semester grades and practical test scores (r = 0.775).
Conclusions:
3D digital simulation enhances comprehension, engagement, and carving proficiency, optimizing prosthodontic training. Preclass exposure to digital models improves hands-on performance, but hands-on instruction remains essential. A blended learning approach is recommended.
