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Preparation and characterization of low estimated glycemic index (eGI) chestnut flours using plasma jet combined
Jiaying Tian1, Ying Li1, Xiaojing Li1
1National Key Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Forest Food Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
Abstract:
Chestnuts, valued for their rich nutritional profile, present challenges in food processing due to their starch-digestion properties and impact on glycemic response. This study developed a modified chestnut flour with a low estimated glycemic index (eGI) using plasma jet combined with lipase treatment (PJCL). Compared to native chestnut flour (CF), which exhibited an eGI of 62.07, the PJCL-treated chestnut flour (PJCL-CF) demonstrated a significantly lower eGI of 44.87. After PJCL treatment, total starch content decreased from 60.35 to 55.67 g/100 g, while amylose content increased from 21.53 % to 27.83 %. The molecular weight of PJCL-CF increased to approximately 1001 kDa. Fatty acid analysis revealed enhanced release of free fatty acids, promoting the formation of stable V-type amylose-lipid complexes. Moreover, 1H NMR indicated reduced α-1,6-glycosidic linkages. These findings demonstrate that PJCL treatment effectively restructures chestnut flour, reduces glycemic potential, and provides a promising strategy for developing low-GI food products.
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