Bio-inspired composite structures derived from the moth model enable compatible stealth across the...

Although biomimetic models show promise for enhancing stealth materials, designing effective multispectral stealth systems remains challenging. Inspired by the antireflective microstructures of moths - including their compound eyes, villi, and wing microstructures - we develop a composite biomimetic model integrating multiple antireflective structures to achieve multispectral stealth across radar, infrared, and visible light bands. The carbonyl iron powder (CIP) composite with biomimetic grating-hole structures demonstrates effectively scatters incident microwaves while promoting surface wave conversion, which facilitates a radar cross section (RCS) below -10 dB across angular range from -166° to 166°. This performance persists even when integrated with an aluminum film infrared stealth layer featuring grating-protrusion biomimetic structures, because of the composite biomimetic system achieves exceptional microwave impedance matching. The mentioned material simultaneously maintains an effective absorption bandwidth (reflection loss, RL ≤ -10 dB) of 5.38-10.15 GHz and 23.83-28.32 GHz while reducing infrared emissivity to 0.11-0.31. Furthermore, the biomimetic infrared stealth layer exhibits outstanding thermal radiative stability under elevated temperatures. These microstructures also reduce peak visible light reflectance below 30 %, enabling dynamic color camouflage. This work establishes a composite biomimetic design framework for advanced stealth materials and proposes new mechanisms for multispectral stealth and antireflection.