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Ergonomics.

Eric Formeister1, Marissa Pentico2, Sydney C Butts3

  • 1Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 40 Duke Medicine Circle, Durham, NC 27713, USA.

Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America
|September 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review details ergonomics in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck (OHN) surgery, addressing musculoskeletal (MSK) pain in surgeons. It offers guidance on optimizing positioning and equipment to prevent and manage surgical workplace injuries.

Keywords:
Endoscopic sinus surgeryErgonomics curriculumExoscopesMicrolaryngoscopyOtolaryngology residency educationOtologic surgeryPediatric otolaryngologySurgical ergonomicsWork related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs)

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Area of Science:

  • Surgical Safety and Performance
  • Occupational Health in Medicine
  • Musculoskeletal Health

Background:

  • Musculoskeletal (MSK) pain is prevalent among Otolaryngology-Head and Neck (OHN) surgeons.
  • Poor ergonomics contribute significantly to surgeon discomfort and potential injury.
  • There is a need for evidence-based guidance on ergonomic practices in OHN surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an evidence-based overview of ergonomics in OHN surgery.
  • To offer guidance on optimizing surgeon positioning and equipment.
  • To summarize strategies for preventing and managing MSK disorders in surgical professionals.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent findings on MSK pain prevalence in OHN surgeons.
  • Identification and summary of validated ergonomic risk assessment tools.
  • Organization of optimization strategies by visualization modality (open, endoscopic/exoscopic, microscopic, robotic).

Main Results:

  • High prevalence of MSK pain reported among OHN surgeons.
  • Availability of validated tools for ergonomic risk assessment.
  • Specific ergonomic strategies tailored to different surgical visualization techniques.

Conclusions:

  • Ergonomic optimization is crucial for mitigating MSK pain in OHN surgeons.
  • Implementing evidence-based strategies can improve surgeon well-being and prevent injuries.
  • Effective interventions are available to manage and prevent MSK disorders in the surgical workforce.