Toward including environmental sustainability in Health Technology Assessment

The life cycle of health technologies contribute to air pollution, ecotoxicity, and resource depletion, impacting the environment and human health. Increasing healthcare resource use globally increases emissions that accelerate climate change and negatively affect the health of current and future generations.Health Technology Assessment (HTA) should inform decision makers to prioritize the adoption of technologies demonstrating value in terms of health benefits, costs, and other relevant dimensions such as environmental sustainability.This paper reports on a multistakeholder approach to guiding an international working group for Environmental Sustainability in Health Technology Assessment (ESHTA) that has been formed by Health Technology Assessment international.

A multistakeholder online workshop was held with 32 participants in May 2024 to define the critical issues to be considered. The resulting report underwent consultation among the ESHTA members and in a broader group of 90 additional worldwide stakeholder representatives.

The workshop participants recognized defining frameworks, mechanisms, and tools for embedding environmental sustainability into HTA as an opportunity to support sustainable development and quality improvement in healthcare. Achieving this requires (1) consensus on what environmental sustainability in healthcare means, (2) reconcilement with other healthcare and environmental policies, and (3) methods that are useful and applicable within HTA frameworks.

This novel collaboration aims to align the global HTA community on the role of environmental sustainability in HTA. The report provides a path for the way forward for incorporating environmental sustainability into HTA based on broad perspectives from global multistakeholders.