Syphilis in pregnancy: A practical guide for prenatal care providers

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Infectious Diseases
• Public Health

Background:

• Syphilis during pregnancy is a significant global health issue, leading to preventable perinatal morbidity and mortality.
• A recent resurgence in syphilis among pregnant women has caused a rise in congenital syphilis cases.
• Vertical transmission risk is highest during primary and secondary syphilis stages.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present evidence-based guidance for managing syphilis in pregnancy.
• To align with the World Health Organization's target for reducing vertical transmission rates.
• To provide strategies for preventing congenital syphilis.

Main Methods:

• Development of evidence-based guidance by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO).
• Advocacy for universal early screening at the first prenatal visit.
• Recommendations for screening at delivery in specific regions.
• Emphasis on Benzathine penicillin as the treatment of choice.
• Inclusion of sexual partner screening and treatment.

Main Results:

• Early diagnosis and treatment are highly effective in reducing syphilis transmission.
• Universal screening and timely prenatal care are essential interventions.
• Strengthening health systems is fundamental for improving outcomes.
• Partner management is key to preventing reinfection and community spread.

Conclusions:

• Implementing FIGO's guidance can significantly reduce congenital syphilis rates.
• Strengthened health systems and consistent screening protocols are vital for global elimination.
• Effective management of syphilis in pregnancy is critical for maternal and infant health.