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Possibilities of the Direct Chemical Transformation of Kukersite Kerogen: A Critical Review
Margus Lopp1, Kristiina Kaldas1
1Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn 19086, Estonia.
Abstract:
The Lille-Blokker model of the chemical structure of kukersite oil shale provides a good basis for developing methods for its direct conversion into new materials and basic organic chemicals. The model of its structure may be considered a complex organic "macromolecule". Existing information on the chemical treatment of kukersite kerogen by hydrogenation, halogenation, alkylation, sulfonation, chloromethylation, oxidation, etc., is critically reviewed, and different options for bulk kukersite conversion are discussed. So far, the direct conversion approach has only been applied to the oxidation of kukersite to obtain dicarboxylic acids. In this paper, a chemical reactivity map of kukersite kerogen is presented, highlighting possible pathways for its transformation. This study aims to demonstrate that, within the context of expanding research on unconventional resources, kerogen can serve as a focal point in materials-oriented science.
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