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Related Concept Videos

Effects of Chemicals: Overview01:27

Effects of Chemicals: Overview

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Drugs, encompassing various chemical compounds from natural sources, lab synthesis, or genetic engineering, elicit different biological responses in living organisms. Some of these responses are desirable or therapeutic, while others are undesirable. The primary goal of administering a drug is to achieve a therapeutic effect, that is, to address a specific disease or health condition. Any concurrent effects outside of this therapeutic outcome are considered undesirable. These undesirable...
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Sampling Plans01:23

Sampling Plans

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Sampling is a crucial step in analytical chemistry, allowing researchers to collect representative data from a large population. Common sampling methods include random, judgmental, systematic, stratified, and cluster sampling.
Random sampling is a method where each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample. It involves selecting individuals randomly, often using random number generators or lottery-type methods. For example, when analyzing the properties of a...
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Chemical and Solubility Equilibria02:21

Chemical and Solubility Equilibria

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The free energy change associated with dissolving a solute in a liter of solvent is called the free energy of a solution, ΔGsolution. The overall ΔGsolution is expressed as the balance of ΔGinteraction against the always-favorable free-energy of mixing, ΔGmixing. Solution formation is favorable if  ΔGsolution is less than zero, whereas it is unfavorable if ΔGsolution is greater than zero. In short, for a solution to form and complete dissolution to take place,...
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Chemical Equilibria: Systematic Approach to Equilibrium Calculations01:21

Chemical Equilibria: Systematic Approach to Equilibrium Calculations

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Equilibrium calculations for systems involving multiple equilibria are often complex. For example, to calculate the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt in an aqueous solution in the presence of a common ion, one must consider all the equilibria in this solution. Calculations for these systems can be complicated and tedious, so a systematic approach with a series of steps is often helpful. The process is detailed below.
The first step is to identify all the chemical reactions involved, The...
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Calculating Equilibrium Concentrations02:05

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Being able to calculate equilibrium concentrations is essential to many areas of science and technology—for example, in the formulation and dosing of pharmaceutical products. After a drug is ingested or injected, it is typically involved in several chemical equilibria that affect its ultimate concentration in the body system of interest. Knowledge of the quantitative aspects of these equilibria is required to compute a dosage amount that will solicit the desired therapeutic effect.
A more...
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Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects01:17

Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects

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In an NMR sample, precise measurement of the absolute absorption frequencies of nuclei is difficult. A standard internal reference compound is added, and the frequency difference between the reference signal and sample signals is measured.
The internal reference compound generally used in NMR spectroscopy is tetramethylsilane (TMS). TMS is preferred because it is chemically inert, soluble in NMR solvents, and easily removable. Also, the highly shielded methyl protons in TMS yield an intense...
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Reporting Chemical Data in the Environmental Sciences.

Sivani Baskaran1, Parviel Chirsir2, Shira Joudan3

  • 1Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), 0484 Oslo, Norway.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Standardized reporting of chemical data is crucial for environmental science. This paper recommends findable, accessible, interoperable, and reproducible (FAIR) data practices to address pollution and sustainability challenges.

Keywords:
FAIRaccessibilitychemical informationdataenvironmental scienceopen accessreproducibility

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental chemistry and toxicology
  • Interdisciplinary environmental science research

Background:

  • Environmental science integrates diverse expertise to address pollution, sustainability, and health.
  • Growing chemical complexity and computational tool use necessitate standardized data reporting.
  • Current data reporting methods hinder effective interdisciplinary collaboration and research application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide recommendations for reporting chemical data in a findable, accessible, interoperable, and reproducible (FAIR) manner.
  • To enhance the scope and applicability of environmental research.
  • To support the environmental science community in tackling chemical pollution and sustainability.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current practices in chemical data reporting.
  • Identification of challenges in data accessibility and interoperability.
  • Development of recommendations based on FAIR principles.

Main Results:

  • A framework for FAIR chemical data reporting in environmental sciences.
  • Examples illustrating the application of FAIR principles.
  • Guidelines for improving data findability, accessibility, and reusability.

Conclusions:

  • Implementing FAIR data practices is essential for advancing environmental science.
  • Standardized reporting will improve research reproducibility and collaboration.
  • FAIR data will enable a more comprehensive approach to environmental challenges.