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Bilateral medial discoid Menisci: Case report and literature review

Tania Rojas Gonzaga1, Matías Arteaga2, María Jesús Tuca2

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile.

Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma
|September 22, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Bilateral medial discoid menisci (BMDM) are exceptionally rare knee conditions. Their unique structure increases susceptibility to complex tears, leading to early-onset symptoms.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Anatomy
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Medial discoid menisci (MDM) are a rare congenital anomaly.
  • Bilateral medial discoid menisci (BMDM) are even rarer, presenting diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
  • The unique biomechanical properties of discoid menisci predispose them to injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the rarity and clinical significance of bilateral medial discoid menisci.
  • To discuss the anatomical and histological features contributing to tears.
  • To emphasize the potential for early symptomatic presentation in patients with BMDM.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of rare knee anomalies.
  • Anatomical and histological analysis of medial menisci.
  • Case study review focusing on symptomatic BMDM.

Main Results:

  • Bilateral medial discoid menisci (BMDM) represent an extremely uncommon presentation.
  • The specific morphology of MDM increases vulnerability to complex tears.
  • Symptomatic manifestations can occur in childhood or adolescence.

Conclusions:

  • BMDM is a rare condition requiring high clinical suspicion.
  • Early diagnosis and management are crucial to prevent long-term joint damage.
  • Understanding the unique characteristics of BMDM aids in appropriate treatment strategies.
Keywords:
ArthroscopyMagnetic resonance imagingMedial discoid menisciMeniscal tearMeniscectomy

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