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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Executive functions are critical for cognitive, emotional, and behavioral development during school and university.
  • Lifestyle factors, including sleep and physical activity, significantly influence these executive functions.
  • Students often compromise sleep and physical activity, negatively impacting executive functioning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and integrate the scientific literature on sleep, physical activity, and executive functions in students.
  • To identify knowledge gaps regarding the combined effects of sleep and physical activity on executive functioning.
  • To inform the development of interventions for enhancing student cognitive performance and well-being.

Main Methods:

  • This study conducted a narrative review of existing scientific literature.
  • The review focused on research examining sleep, physical activity, and their impact on executive functions.
  • Emphasis was placed on studies involving student populations.

Main Results:

  • Separate research links adequate sleep and regular physical activity to improved cognitive performance and neurocognitive benefits.
  • Compromised sleep and physical activity in students are associated with deficits in attention, working memory, and inhibitory control.
  • Limited research has integrated the effects of both sleep and physical activity on student executive functioning.

Conclusions:

  • There is a need for integrated research on the combined impact of sleep and physical activity on student executive functions.
  • Interventions targeting both sleep and physical activity may be beneficial for improving students' cognitive performance.
  • Further research can guide the design of effective strategies to support student learning and mental well-being.