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A Comparison of Higher-Level Functional Capacity Between Older Adults with and Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A
Takuro Shoji1,2, Kenta Kogure1, Nagisa Toda1
1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital, Ichikawa 272-8516, Chiba, Japan.
Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 22, 2025
Summary
Older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) show reduced intellectual activity and social engagement compared to those without diabetes. This highlights the need for interventions to support their higher-level functional capacity.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in older Japanese populations.
- Limited understanding of DM's impact on higher-level functional capacity in elderly individuals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and clarify the characteristics of higher functional capacity in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Main Methods:
- Comparative study involving outpatients with T2DM and community-dwelling older adults without DM (≥ 65 years) in Japan.
- Utilized the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (TMIG-IC) and Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence (JST-IC) for functional capacity assessment.
- Employed propensity score matching to ensure group homogeneity.
Main Results:
- Propensity score-matched analysis included 131 participants in each group.
- Older T2DM patients exhibited higher instrumental activities of daily living scores (TMIG-IC).
- Conversely, T2DM patients showed lower intellectual activity (TMIG-IC), overall competence (JST-IC), and social engagement scores.
Conclusions:
- Older outpatients with T2DM demonstrate diminished intellectual activity and social engagement compared to their non-diabetic peers.
- Suggests a need for targeted preventive interventions to bolster higher-level functional capacities in this demographic.
Keywords:
Japan science and technology agency index of competenceTokyo metropolitan institute of gerontology index of competenceintellectual activitysocial engagementtype 2 diabetes mellitusMore Related Videos
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