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Negative Photoconductivity in 2D Materials: Revolutionizing Adaptive Optoelectronic Intelligence and Secure
Xiao-Ying Bi1,2, Ke-Han Li1,2, Yuan-Jun Song1,2
1Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, P. R. China.
Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|September 22, 2025
Summary
This review explores anomalous negative photoconductivity (NPC) in 2D materials for advanced photodetectors. Understanding NPC unlocks new applications in intelligent electronics and artificial intelligence.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Optoelectronics
Background:
- Two-dimensional (2D) materials possess unique layered structures with distinct electronic and optical properties.
- Photodetectors traditionally utilize positive photoconductivity (PPC), but anomalous negative photoconductivity (NPC) is emerging as a key phenomenon.
- The interplay of in-plane covalent bonds and out-of-plane van der Waals forces in 2D materials influences their photoconductive behavior.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively review advancements in understanding anomalous negative photoconductivity (NPC) in 2D material photodetectors.
- To elucidate the physical mechanisms underlying NPC in these materials.
- To highlight the diverse and innovative applications of switchable positive-negative photoconductivity.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of existing research on 2D material photodetectors and NPC.
- Analysis of physical mechanisms responsible for NPC phenomena.
- Categorization and discussion of current and potential applications of switchable photoconductivity.
Main Results:
- 2D materials exhibit unique properties suitable for photodetector applications, with NPC offering novel functionalities beyond traditional PPC.
- Key physical mechanisms driving NPC in 2D materials have been identified and analyzed.
- Switchable positive-negative photoconductivity enables a wide array of applications, including dynamic perception, image processing, neuromorphic systems, and secure information processing.
Conclusions:
- Understanding NPC in 2D materials is redefining photodetection technology and paving the way for intelligent information electronics.
- NPC in 2D materials offers significant potential for next-generation neuromorphic vision systems and cryptophotonic architectures.
- These findings provide a crucial hardware foundation for the advancement of artificial intelligence and future computing paradigms.
