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Pulse Wave Velocity Testing in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging
Published on: February 7, 2014
Pulse Wave Velocity Progression Determinants: No Significant Association with Novel Lipids Parameter
Ilaria Garofani1, Chiara Tognola2, Martina Morelli1
1School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126, Milan, Italy.
Insights
This study found no link between novel lipid markers and arterial stiffness changes in hypertensive patients. Age and blood pressure remain key factors influencing pulse wave velocity (PWV) progression over time.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Hypertension Research
- Lipid Metabolism
Background:
- Arterial stiffness, measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV), is a significant cardiovascular risk factor.
- The relationship between novel lipid parameters and the progression of arterial stiffness (ΔPWV) in hypertensive patients remains unexplored.
- Understanding these associations could offer new insights into managing cardiovascular risk in this population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between standard and emerging lipid parameters and the change in arterial stiffness (ΔPWV) over time.
- To evaluate lipid parameters including non-HDL/HDL, LDL/HDL, total cholesterol/HDL, TG/HDL, Log(TG)/HDL, Log(TG/HDL), and the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG).
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 469 hypertensive patients was studied.
- Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured at baseline and after a mean follow-up of 3.8 years.
- The relative change in PWV (ΔPWV) was calculated, and associations with lipid parameters were analyzed.
Main Results:
- PWV significantly increased from baseline to follow-up (p=0.0001).
- Patients with ΔPWV ≥ 0.5 m/s showed significantly different lipid profiles, including lower HDL and higher LDL/HDL ratios.
- Univariate analysis revealed a significant association between ΔPWV and Log(TG)/HDL, but this did not persist in multivariable analysis.
Conclusions:
- No significant associations were found between emerging lipid parameters and PWV or ΔPWV in hypertensive patients.
- Age and blood pressure levels remain the primary determinants of PWV and its progression.
- Current novel lipid parameters may not be reliable indicators for monitoring arterial stiffness changes in this cohort.
Introduction:
Whether novel lipid parameters are related to arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity-PWV), changes during follow-up (i.e ΔPWV) has never been evaluated.
Aim:
To evaluate the relationship between standard and emerging lipid parameters (non-HDL/HDL, LDL/HDL, total cholesterol/HDL, TG/HDL, Log(TG)/HDL, Log(TG/HDL) and the triglyceride-glucose index [TyG]) and ΔPWV among hypertensive patients.
Methods:
We included 469 hypertensive patients enrolled from September 2006 to October 2010 from the Hypertension Unit of San Gerardo Hospital (Monza, Italy). PWV was measured at baseline and after a mean follow-up of 3.8 years (I-III quartiles 3.5-4.2 years) and the relative change (ΔPWV) was calculated.
Results:
The study cohort had a mean age of 53.6 ± 12.9 years and 58.4% were male. PWV significantly increased from baseline to follow-up (8.6 ± 2.1 vs. 9.2 ± 2.4 m/s; p=0.0001), with 51.6% of patients exhibiting a ΔPWV≥0.5 m/s. These patients had a significantly lower HDL cholesterol (51.5 ± 13.5 vs. 54.7 ± 13.3 mg/dL) with higher LDL/HDL ratio (2.5 ± 0.9 vs. 2.3 ± 0.9 p=0.049), non-HDL/HDL ratio (3.0 ± 1.1 vs. 2.8 ± 1.1), total cholesterol/HDL ratio (4.0 ± 1.1 vs. 3.8 ± 1.1), Log(TG)/HDL (0.043 ± 0.015 vs. 0.039 ± 0.014) and Log(TG/HDL) (0.351 ± 0.290 vs. 0.295 ± 0.278, p<0.05 for all comparison). A significant univariate association was found between ΔPWV and ΔPWV≥0.5 and Log(TG)/HDL (r = 0.121, p = 0.009 and r = 0.094, p = 0.042, respectively) but it didn't persist at multivariable analysis adjusted for age, sex, Δ systolic blood pressure, anti-hypertensive therapies and statins, diabetes, and glomerular filtration rate.
Conclusions:
Our study found no significant associations between emerging lipid parameters and PWV/ΔPWV. Age and blood pressure values remains the main determinants of PWV and its changes over time.
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