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Ewing sarcoma of the sphenoid bone: illustrative case
Yousef Bassi1, Rakan K Alhabib2, Thamer Hamad Alsharif3
1College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Makkah Province, Saudi Arabia.
Journal of Neurosurgery. Case Lessons
|September 22, 2025
Summary
Ewing sarcoma (ES) in the sphenoid bone is rare, posing challenges due to its location. Multimodal therapy and high suspicion are key for optimizing outcomes in this pediatric malignancy.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pediatric Oncology
- Surgical Oncology
Background:
- Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a rare pediatric malignancy.
- Cranial involvement is rare (<1% of cases).
- Sphenoid bone ES presents unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to proximity to neurovascular structures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a case of sphenoid bone Ewing sarcoma.
- To review the literature for similar cases and outcomes.
- To highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach for rare cranial malignancies.
Main Methods:
- Case report of a 13-year-old male with sphenoid bone ES.
- Treatment included chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgical resection.
- Systematic literature review of sphenoid bone ES cases.
- Postoperative management included antibiotics and wound debridement for osteomyelitis.
Main Results:
- The patient achieved partial regression after initial treatment, followed by progression.
- Surgical resection was performed, with a complicated but ultimately resolved postoperative course.
- One-year follow-up showed stable imaging and intact neurological status.
- Literature review aimed to identify outcomes of similar rare cases.
Conclusions:
- Sphenoid bone ES requires high suspicion and a multidisciplinary approach.
- Aggressive multimodal therapy can optimize outcomes despite anatomical challenges.
- Further research is needed for standardized treatment protocols and improved long-term survival.
