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Ketamine self-administration by the rhesus monkey.

J E Moreton, R A Meisch, L Stark

The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

|November 1, 1977

Summary

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Ketamine self-administration in rhesus monkeys showed response rates varied with dosage and reinforcement schedules. Ketamine reinforced behavior similarly to other drugs and reinforcers.

Area of Science:

Pharmacology
Behavioral Neuroscience
Drug Abuse Research

Background:

Ketamine is an anesthetic with known psychoactive properties.
Understanding ketamine's reinforcing effects is crucial for addiction research.
Self-administration models in non-human primates are vital for studying drug-seeking behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate ketamine's reinforcing efficacy in rhesus monkeys.
To determine how varying ketamine doses and reinforcement schedules affect self-administration behavior.
To compare ketamine's reinforcing properties with conventional reinforcers.

Main Methods:

Rhesus monkeys underwent daily 2-hour sessions of intravenous ketamine self-administration.
Ketamine dosage was manipulated across fixed-ratio (FR) schedules (FR1, FR8, FR64).

Related Experiment Videos

Response rates and drug intake were measured under different ketamine doses and FR requirements.

Main Results:

Response rate showed an inverted U-shaped function of ketamine dose, with peak rates shifting to higher doses as FR size increased.
Drug intake per session increased with ketamine dose.
Response rate increased with FR size up to FR256, then abruptly decreased, indicating ketamine maintains self-administration behavior across various reinforcement schedules.

Conclusions:

Ketamine functions as a reinforcer in rhesus monkeys, supporting self-administration.
The drug's reinforcing effects are dependent on both dose and the schedule of reinforcement.
Ketamine's behavioral effects align with those of other drugs and conventional reinforcers in this model.