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Fusobacterium nucleatum: ecology, pathogenesis and clinical implications
Shan-Shan Jiang1,2,3,4,5, Ying-Xuan Chen6,7,8,9,10, Jing-Yuan Fang11,12,13,14,15
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Nature Reviews. Microbiology
|September 22, 2025
Summary
Fusobacterium nucleatum, a pathobiont, links oral and gut microbiota to diseases like colorectal cancer. Understanding its role is crucial for developing new diagnostics and treatments.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Oncology
- Translational Medicine
Background:
- Fusobacterium nucleatum is a common oral bacterium that can become pathogenic.
- It is implicated in local and systemic diseases, including periodontal disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and colorectal cancer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the multifaceted role of Fusobacterium nucleatum in disease.
- To highlight its pathogenic mechanisms in cancer development.
- To underscore its significance in microbiology, oncology, and translational medicine.
Main Methods:
- This review synthesizes current research on Fusobacterium nucleatum's role in disease.
- It examines the mechanisms by which F. nucleatum promotes oncogenesis.
- It discusses potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Main Results:
- Fusobacterium nucleatum contributes to oncogenesis through virulence factors, chronic inflammation, immune evasion, and direct tumor cell interactions.
- The bacterium's presence is associated with cancer progression and poorer clinical outcomes.
- A strong link exists between F. nucleatum and colorectal cancer.
Conclusions:
- Fusobacterium nucleatum is a significant pathobiont with critical implications for cancer.
- Further understanding of its role is essential for advancing disease treatment and clinical applications.
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