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Incidence and Predictors of Ocular Complications in Pediatric-Onset Uveitis: Data from the AIDA Network Uveitis

Carla Gaggiano1, Alejandra De-la-Torre2, Juanita Cardona-López2

  • 1Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena University Hospital [European Reference Network (ERN) for Rare Immunodeficiency, Autoinflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases (RITA) Center], Policlinico "Le Scotte", Viale Bracci 16, 53100, Siena, Italy.

Ophthalmology and Therapy
|September 22, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric noninfectious uveitis complications are predicted by chronic, idiopathic, and non-anterior disease courses. Early immunosuppressive therapy initiation is crucial for preventing vision loss in at-risk children.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Pediatric-onset uveitis can lead to significant complications and visual impairment.
  • Identifying predictors of complications is essential for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the complications of pediatric-onset noninfectious uveitis.
  • To identify baseline and treatment-related predictors of these complications.

Main Methods:

  • Registry-based observational study of 309 patients with noninfectious uveitis onset before age 18.
  • Analysis of complications, including type, frequency, and associated factors.
  • Multivariate analysis to determine independent predictors of complications and visual acuity.

Main Results:

  • 44.3% of children developed at least one complication over a median follow-up of 49 months.
  • Idiopathic uveitis, longer topical glucocorticoid monotherapy, and delayed immunosuppressive therapy (IST) increased complication risk.
  • Anterior uveitis was protective, while chronic uveitis significantly increased risk. Panuveitis and cataract reduced final visual acuity.

Conclusions:

  • Children with chronic, idiopathic, early-onset, non-anterior uveitis face the highest risk of complications.
  • Structured screening and early systemic IST initiation are vital for preventing visual impairment in these children.
Abstract

Keywords:
ComplicationsIncidencePediatric-onset uveitisPredictorsVisual outcomes

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