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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary medicine
  • Trauma scoring systems
  • Military working dogs

Background:

  • The Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) is a global standard for human trauma injury classification.
  • The U.S. Military utilizes AIS for combat injury research and materiel development.
  • A canine-specific AIS is currently lacking, hindering protective gear development for military working dogs (MWDs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a canine-specific Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) for military working dogs (MWDs).
  • To enable detailed analysis of canine trauma injuries for improved body armor systems.
  • To bridge the gap between historical animal testing and mission-focused MWD injury risk mitigation.

Main Methods:

  • An interdisciplinary team adapted the 2015 human AIS dictionary (2,006 codes).
  • Modifications accounted for canine anatomical and physiological differences.
  • Severity scores were assigned using published research and clinical expertise.

Main Results:

  • The veterinary adaptation resulted in a 1,477-code MWD-relevant dictionary.
  • Key changes included quadrupedal directional terms, tail inclusion, and revised blood loss parameters.
  • Diagnostic criteria for head trauma and veterinary imaging limitations were considered.

Conclusions:

  • The Veterinary Abbreviated Injury Scale (vAIS) is the first veterinary coding system based on anatomical structure and damage severity.
  • Integrating vAIS into the Military Working Dog Trauma Registry will enhance analysis of combat injury patterns.
  • This system will support the development of advanced protective materiel solutions for MWDs.