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    Researchers developed a simple method for switchable orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams using a narrow linewidth single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) vortex fiber laser. This technique enables dual-dimensional control for advanced photonic applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Fiber Lasers
    • Optical Engineering

    Background:

    • Single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) vortex fiber lasers offer dual-dimensional control over spectral and spatial properties.
    • This spectral-spatial synergy is crucial for advanced photonic systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report a simple method for generating switchable orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams.
    • To achieve narrow linewidth SLM lasing with tunable wavelengths and high OAM purity.

    Main Methods:

    • Incorporated a tunable bandpass filter, subring, and unpumped erbium-doped fiber into the laser cavity.
    • Utilized a few-mode fiber Bragg grating (FBG) for selective transverse mode reflection.
    • Tuned operating wavelength and adjusted polarization controllers for OAM switching.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved stable SLM lasing with Lorentz linewidths below 1.4 kHz and tunable wavelengths.
    • Successfully generated switchable vortex modes with OAM values of 0, ±1ℏ, and ±2ℏ per photon.
    • Demonstrated high purity of output OAM modes due to the self-coupling regime in the few-mode FBG and stable SLM lasing.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed method provides a simple and effective way to generate switchable OAM beams from narrow linewidth SLM vortex fiber lasers.
    • The combination of SLM lasing and few-mode FBG enables precise control and high purity of OAM modes.
    • This work enhances the application potential of vortex fiber lasers in advanced photonic systems.