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Related Concept Videos

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
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The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell.
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The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
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Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
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An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
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High Speed Sub-GHz Spectrometer for Brillouin Scattering Analysis
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Streaming self-corrected dual-comb spectrometer.

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    We developed a real-time self-correction system for dual-comb spectroscopy, simplifying measurements and enabling long-duration coherent averaging. This advance makes advanced spectroscopy accessible for broader applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Spectroscopy
    • Optical Physics
    • Metrology

    Background:

    • Dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) offers high resolution but requires complex self-correction.
    • Existing methods often need continuous interferogram data and struggle with unstable signals.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To radically simplify coherently averaged dual-comb spectroscopy.
    • To introduce a real-time self-correction system for improved accessibility and performance.
    • To enable instantaneous dual-comb spectroscopy for everyday applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Implemented a radio frequency system-on-chip for real-time computation of interferogram phase, frequency, and arrival time.
    • Developed an algorithm to calculate and correct carrier-envelope offset frequency and repetition rate differences.
    • Introduced cross-channel correction to handle unstable or intermittent signals.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved comb-resolved spectroscopy with Fourier-limited linewidth and high signal-to-noise ratios.
    • Demonstrated coherent averaging over arbitrarily long durations.
    • Obtained good agreement with literature for iodine and acetylene spectroscopy over a 10 THz bandwidth.

    Conclusions:

    • The real-time self-correction system significantly simplifies dual-comb spectroscopy.
    • Cross-channel correction overcomes limitations of previous methods, enabling application to unstable or low-amplitude signals.
    • This approach makes instantaneous dual-comb spectroscopy practical for widespread use.