Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pilot and Numeric Relaying01:21

Pilot and Numeric Relaying

480
Pilot relaying is a type of differential protection used in power systems. It compares electrical quantities at the terminals of equipment via a communication channel instead of direct relay interconnection. This method is essential for transmission lines where the terminals are far apart, typically up to 80 km for lines with 69 to 115 kV ratings. Four types of communication channels are used for pilot relaying:
480
Sampling Continuous Time Signal01:11

Sampling Continuous Time Signal

690
In signal processing, a continuous-time signal can be sampled using an impulse-train sampling technique, followed by the zero-order hold method. Impulse-train sampling involves the use of a periodic impulse train, which consists of a series of delta functions spaced at regular intervals determined by the sampling period. When a continuous-time signal is multiplied by this impulse train, it generates impulses with amplitudes corresponding to the signal's values at the sampling points.
In the...
690
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

707
Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
707
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control01:21

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control

393
Phase-lag controllers are widely used in control systems to improve stability and reduce steady-state errors. A dimmer switch controlling the brightness of a light bulb serves as a practical example of phase-lag control, gradually adjusting the bulb's brightness. Mathematically, phase-lag control or low-pass filtering is represented when the factor 'a' is less than 1.
Phase-lag controllers do not place a pole at zero, but instead influence the steady-state error by amplifying any...
393
IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations01:08

IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations

1.8K
Identical bonds within a polyatomic group can stretch symmetrically (in-phase) or asymmetrically (out-of-phase). Similar to hydrogen bonding, these vibrations also influence the shape of the IR peak. Generally, asymmetric stretching frequencies are higher than symmetric stretching frequencies. For example, primary amines exhibit two distinct IR peaks between 3300–3500 cm−1 corresponding to the symmetric and asymmetric N-H stretching, while secondary amines exhibit a single...
1.8K
¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling

1.7K
The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...
1.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Vacuolin-1 inhibits endosomal trafficking and metastasis via CapZβ.

Oncogene·2021
Same author

CTPA pulmonary artery distensibility in assessment of severity of acute pulmonary embolism and right ventricular function.

Medicine·2021
Same author

The complete chloroplast genome of <i>Castanopsis mekongensis</i> A. Camus (Fagaceae).

Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources·2021
Same author

3D images of the silicone implants in capsular contracture after breast augmentation using magnetic resonance imaging with SPACE sequence.

Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS·2021
Same author

High-efficient liquid exfoliation of 2D metal-organic framework using deep-eutectic solvents.

Ultrasonics sonochemistry·2021
Same author

High-content screening of diterpenoids from Isodon species as autophagy modulators and the functional study of their antiviral activities.

Cell biology and toxicology·2021
Same journal

Denoising algorithm of Φ-OTDR systems based on adaptive fractional wavelet transform denoising.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Millisecond photon-to-photon latency and high-speed volumetric projection system for optogenetics.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Polarization-encoded coaxial structured light for high-precision 3D surface profilometry.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Discrete freeform optical design based on collaborative optimization of point cloud and local normals.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Ultrafast ghost imaging with 25 GHz speckle switching and wavelength-division multiplexing.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Atomic vapor cells fabricated by femtosecond laser welding of standard-optical-quality glass.

Optics express·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
09:23

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

15.0K

Simple phase recovery using multi-pilot tones and Wiener filters for continuous variable quantum key distribution.

Jinpeng Liao, Wenjun Fan, Jinghang Huang

    Optics Express
    |September 23, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Accurate phase recovery is crucial for continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD). This study introduces a multi-pilot scheme with Wiener filtering, significantly improving phase estimation accuracy for practical quantum communication.

    More Related Videos

    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
    06:42

    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

    Published on: June 8, 2018

    9.6K
    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
    07:56

    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

    Published on: September 5, 2019

    8.9K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jan 17, 2026

    Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
    09:23

    Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

    Published on: May 30, 2014

    15.0K
    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
    06:42

    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

    Published on: June 8, 2018

    9.6K
    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
    07:56

    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

    Published on: September 5, 2019

    8.9K

    Area of Science:

    • Quantum Information Science
    • Optical Communication Systems

    Background:

    • Local local oscillator-based continuous-variable quantum key distribution (LLO-CVQKD) performance is fundamentally limited by phase recovery accuracy.
    • Phase mismatch between independent transmitter and receiver lasers necessitates robust phase estimation techniques.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and experimentally validate a multi-pilot scheme with advanced digital filtering for enhanced phase estimation in LLO-CVQKD.
    • To compare the efficacy of different digital filters (rectangular, Savitzky-Golay, Wiener) for noise suppression in phase estimation.

    Main Methods:

    • Implementation of a multi-pilot scheme using frequency pilot-tones for phase estimation.
    • Systematic comparison of rectangular, Savitzky-Golay, and Wiener digital filters.
    • Experimental validation using the Gaussian-modulated coherent state (GMCS) protocol in a 20 km fiber link.

    Main Results:

    • Wiener filtering demonstrates superior noise suppression capabilities when utilizing multiple frequency pilot-tones.
    • Multi-pilot configurations (dual, four, eight) significantly enhance phase recovery precision over single-pilot methods.
    • The dual-pilot Wiener-filtered configuration achieves an asymptotic secret key rate of nearly 80 Mbps.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed multi-pilot scheme integrated with Wiener filtering offers an innovative and effective solution for practical LLO-CVQKD phase recovery.
    • The dual-pilot configuration provides an optimal balance between system complexity and phase recovery performance.
    • This advancement paves the way for more robust and secure quantum communication networks.