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A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope
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Spatial-frequency-extended single-pixel microscopic imaging via frequency-division multiplexing.

Yipeng Cao, Yikun Wang, Ran Zhou

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    |September 23, 2025
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces a novel imaging method combining single-pixel imaging (SPI) and frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) to enhance biomorphological analysis resolution. The technique achieves dynamically adjustable spatial resolution, overcoming previous limitations.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Imaging and Microscopy
    • Biomorphological Analysis
    • Photonics and Nanotechnology

    Background:

    • Acousto-optic deflectors (AOD) integrated with single-pixel imaging (SPI) and frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) are used for biomorphological analysis.
    • Numerical aperture (NA) mismatch due to misalignment in acousto-optic deflectors (AOD) limits spatial resolution in existing SPI-FDM techniques.
    • Current methods struggle to enhance resolution without compromising sampling frequency.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and validate a novel "pre-magnification and post-sampling" imaging method.
    • To enhance spatial resolution in SPI-FDM systems while maintaining fixed sampling frequency.
    • To achieve dynamically adjustable spatial resolution for biomorphological analysis.

    Main Methods:

    • Integration of the target into the interferometer.
    • Employment of a lens assembly with tunable focal length ratios.
    • Implementation of a "pre-magnification and post-sampling" strategy.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated a dynamically adjustable spatial resolution ranging from 4.5 µm to 13 µm.
    • Achieved a minimum spot size of 10.8 µm.
    • Successfully constructed patterns over a 720 x 112.5 µm² area with 4.5 µm spatial resolution using a 40-spot beam array.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed method effectively decouples resolution enhancement from sampling frequency limitations in SPI-FDM systems.
    • This approach offers a powerful solution for high-resolution biomorphological analysis.
    • The tunable resolution capability provides flexibility for various imaging applications.