Evaluation of the global wind and temperature detection performance of the spaceborne Fe fluorescence lidar

Atmospheric wind fields and temperatures constitute critical components of the meteorological environment. Global high-precision wind field and temperature data significantly enhance the accuracy of numerical weather prediction models. This study develops a simulation model for simultaneous detection of atmospheric wind fields and temperatures within the altitude ranges of 0-30 km and 80-100 km, utilizing spaceborne Fe fluorescence lidar. The model is based on the resonance fluorescence of iron atoms and the Rayleigh scattering theory of atmospheric molecules. To improve global-scale accuracy, WACCM-Fe atmospheric model data and ERA-5 reanalysis data are employed to replace the single iron atom number density and the U.S. Standard Atmosphere profile, respectively, in conjunction with the design of lidar payload parameters. The simulation results reveal distinct seasonal and regional distribution characteristics. This simulation framework serves as a valuable reference for designing wind measurement schemes for spaceborne lidars and holds promise for achieving full-altitude laser wind measurements from 0 to 100 km.