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Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Simulation of Human-induced Vibrations Based on the Characterized In-field Pedestrian Behavior
Published on: April 13, 2016
Forward transmission distributed sensing with variational mode decomposition for near-identical frequency vibration
Abstract:
Forward transmission-based distributed fiber-optic sensing is known for its long sensing distance, high signal-to-noise ratio and ease of integration with fiber-optic communication systems. It facilitates a straightforward approach for detecting sounds/vibrations and their positions. However, due to the cumulative nature of light propagation, this type of sensing technology is bottlenecked by iits inability to identify and position vibrations that share the same frequency. Fortunately, spatially separated vibration sources are unlikely to generate the exact frequency, due to non-identical material/structure characteristics. Even the same perturbation source can lead to different wavefronts of slightly different frequencies, due to minor variations in local density. To address the identical-frequency problem, we propose a solution combining variational mode decomposition (VMD) with the cross-correlation algorithm to analyze and spatially separate near-frequency vibration signals with a resolution of 0.005 Hz. The experimental results demonstrate the single-point vibration positioning ability of the proposed algorithm within the 4-10 Hz frequency range. At a vibration frequency of 10 Hz, positioning accuracies of 411.5 m (RMSE) and 405.2 m (standard deviation) were achieved. Concurrently, the methodology validated at 10 Hz exhibits effective multi-point positioning ability with precise signal frequency separation (0.01 Hz). The effectiveness of the method was further validated in processing broadband signals over a 40 km sensing fiber.
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