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    Researchers developed a novel gain-coupled distributed feedback laser using a metal surface grating. This optimized design achieves 100 mW single-mode output, offering a practical, low-cost solution for laser manufacturing.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Semiconductor Lasers

    Background:

    • Distributed feedback (DFB) lasers are crucial for optical communication.
    • Traditional DFB lasers often face challenges in fabrication complexity and performance optimization.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a pure gain-coupled laser using a metal surface grating.
    • To optimize grating parameters for enhanced performance.
    • To develop a simplified and cost-effective fabrication method.

    Main Methods:

    • Periodic injection using a metal surface grating.
    • Optimization of grating coverage width to 20 µm for improved gain contrast and coupling factor.
    • Utilizing a lift-off method for grating fabrication to prevent short circuits.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a single-mode continuous-wave (CW) output of 100 mW at 200 mA injection current.
    • Lasing wavelength centered at 1.09 µm with a slope efficiency of 0.58 W/A.
    • Exhibited a side-mode suppression ratio exceeding 42 dB and stable single-mode operation.
    • Demonstrated a spectral tuning range over 12.2 nm within a 30 °C temperature variation.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed metal surface grating approach provides a practical and low-cost method for manufacturing gain-coupled DFB lasers.
    • The optimized design offers reliable performance, including high output power and stable single-mode operation.
    • Simplified fabrication through the lift-off technique enhances manufacturing feasibility.