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Feline leukaemia virus subgrouping using a viral interference assay.
Dimas Arya Abdillah1,2, Takahiro Hiratsuka1, Fumiko Matsuyama3
1Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, 753-8515, Yamaguchi, Japan.
Archives of Virology
|September 23, 2025
Summary
Feline leukaemia virus subgroup A (FeLV-A) is transmitted among cats. Most infections involved coinfection with FeLV-A and FeLV-B, suggesting FeLV-B often arises de novo alongside FeLV-A.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Feline Infectious Diseases
- Retroviral Research
Background:
- Feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) exists in distinct subgroups, with FeLV-A being the only common type transmitted between cats.
- FeLV subgroups, particularly FeLV-B, are often generated de novo, but their prevalence and coinfection patterns require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the frequency of FeLV subgroup detection in feline cases.
- To investigate the prevalence of FeLV-A alone versus coinfection with FeLV-A and FeLV-B.
- To explore the occurrence of novel FeLV variants, such as those with an X region.
Main Methods:
- Utilized interference assays to detect and differentiate FeLV subgroups in 50 feline cases.
- Analyzed infection patterns, distinguishing between FeLV-A monoinfection and FeLV-A/FeLV-B coinfection.
Main Results:
- FeLV-A infection alone was detected in 38% of cases.
- Coinfection with both FeLV-A and FeLV-B was observed in 62% of cases, with no instances of FeLV-B infection alone.
- Two novel cases of FeLV containing an X region were identified.
Conclusions:
- Coinfection with FeLV-A and FeLV-B is significantly more prevalent than FeLV-A monoinfection in the studied feline population.
- The findings suggest a common de novo generation of FeLV-B in the presence of FeLV-A.
- The discovery of FeLV with an X region may offer insights into the pathogenesis of FeLV-B-associated diseases.
