Clinical Application of Cell Therapy in the Treatment of Female Reproductive Diseases: A Systematic Review

Reproductive disorders affect millions of women worldwide, playing a crucial role in determining female fertility health and quality of life. Conventional methods such as surgery, hormone therapy, and assisted reproductive technologies can be successful in some cases, but are limited by adverse effects, and limited effectiveness. In recent years, cell therapy has provided new possibilities for treating various infertility disorders. The articles extracted from PubMed and Scopus databases were based on cell therapy premature ovarian failure (POF), intrauterine adhesions, Asherman syndrome (AS), recurrent implantation failure (RIF), repeat implantation failure, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, preeclampsia, and clinical trials. The collected articles were added to EndNote X7, and review articles along with duplicate studies were eliminated. Several studies have indicated that peripheral blood mononuclear cells, autologous platelet-rich plasma, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction, and umbilical cord stem cells can be used to treat reproductive diseases, including POF, AS, and RIF. PCOS, endometriosis, and preeclampsia were deleted from the study, because there were no clinical cell therapy studies for these diseases. Among the 210 studies, 28 were selected as eligible for further evaluation. Various clinical trials have supported the role of cell therapy in treating reproductive disorders. Although the information from this systematic review is promising, further studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of these and other cells in treating infertility.