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Evaluating the Effect of Roadside Parking on a Dual-Direction Urban Street

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How much does traffic flow modification change air quality? Scenario-based study.

Joanna A Kamińska¹

¹Department of Mathematics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland.

The Science of the Total Environment

|September 23, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Reducing urban traffic significantly lowers nitrogen oxides (NOx) pollution. Even a 10% traffic cut decreases NOx by 2.47μgm⁻³, while increases cause a larger pollution rise.

Keywords:

NO(x)Pollution modelling Random Forest Stochastic gradient boosting XGBoost

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Urban Planning
Air Quality Management

Background:

Urban air pollution is a major environmental and health concern.
Wrocław, Poland, faces significant air quality challenges due to high traffic congestion.
Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are key pollutants impacting urban environments.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the impact of traffic reduction scenarios on NOx concentrations in Wrocław.
To quantify the relationship between traffic volume changes and NOx levels.
To evaluate the effectiveness of traffic management strategies for improving urban air quality.

Main Methods:

Utilized a nine-year dataset (2015-2023) of traffic, meteorological, and air quality data.
Developed and applied machine learning models including Random Forest, Stochastic Gradient Boosting, and XGBoost.
Simulated traffic modification scenarios ranging from -40% to +40%.

Main Results:

A consistent linear decrease in NOx concentrations was observed with traffic reduction.
Increasing traffic led to a quadratic rise in NOx pollution levels.
A 10% traffic reduction yielded approximately 2.47μgm⁻³ NOx decrease, while a 10% increase resulted in an 8.0μgm⁻³ rise.

Conclusions:

Local traffic restrictions may be insufficient for city-wide air quality improvement.
Comprehensive strategies focused on overall traffic reduction are crucial for substantial air quality gains.
Data-driven modeling provides valuable insights for urban air pollution mitigation.