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Related Concept Videos

Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

3.0K
Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
3.0K
Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions01:28

Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions

1.6K
An electric field suffers a discontinuity at a surface charge. Similarly, a magnetic field is discontinuous at a surface current. The perpendicular component of a magnetic field is continuous across the interface of two magnetic mediums. In contrast, its parallel component, perpendicular to the current, is discontinuous by the amount equal to the product of the vacuum permeability and the surface current. Like the scalar potential in electrostatics, the vector potential is also continuous...
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Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

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Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....
2.9K
Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
1.6K
Magnetic Fields01:27

Magnetic Fields

7.1K
A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
A magnetic field is defined by the force that a charged particle experiences...
7.1K
Paramagnetism01:30

Paramagnetism

3.0K
Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
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Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals
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Two-Dimensional Dual-Switchable Ferroelectric Altermagnets: Altering Electrons and Magnons.

ShuaiYu Wang1, Wei-Wei Wang1, Jiaxuan Fan1

  • 1Research Center for Quantum Physics and Technologies, School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.

Nano Letters
|September 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We predict dual-switchable ferroelectric altermagnets (FEAMs), a new 2D material class. Reversing ferroelectric polarization electrically controls both electron spin and magnon chirality.

Keywords:
altermagnetsferroelectricsmagnetoelectric effectmagnonstwo-dimensional systems

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Spintronics

Background:

  • Two-dimensional (2D) materials offer unique properties for advanced electronics.
  • Controlling electron spin textures and magnonic excitations separately is challenging.
  • Unified electrical control over coupled electronic and magnonic properties in 2D is unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Predict a new class of 2D materials, ferroelectric altermagnets (FEAMs).
  • Investigate the mechanism for unified electrical control of spin and magnonic properties.
  • Establish material-specific pathways for novel spintronic and magnonic devices.

Main Methods:

  • Symmetry analysis
  • First-principles calculations
  • Database screening for candidate materials (e.g., CrPS3, V2I2O2BrCl)

Main Results:

  • Identified dual-switchable ferroelectric altermagnets (FEAMs).
  • Demonstrated that ferroelectric polarization reversal simultaneously alters electronic spin splitting and magnonic chirality splitting.
  • Elucidated the mechanism involving specific atomic displacements breaking inversion symmetry while preserving spin group symmetries.

Conclusions:

  • FEAMs enable unified electrical manipulation of electron spin textures and magnon excitations in 2D.
  • Experimental observation possible via magneto-optical Kerr effect sign change.
  • Paves the way for multifunctional spintronic and magnonic applications.