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Submicron Films of Polymer Blends: Unlocking Microphase Separation to Enhance Membrane Gas Separation Properties.

Narjes Esmaeili1, Leiqing Hu1, Erda Deng1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|September 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study developed advanced polymer blends for efficient gas separation membranes. Microphase-separated blends significantly boost hydrogen permeability while maintaining high selectivity, surpassing existing performance limits.

Keywords:
H2/CO2 separationmicrophase separationpolybenzimidazolepolyimidepolymer blends

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Membrane technology is key for energy-efficient gas separation but faces the permeability-selectivity trade-off in polymers.
  • Incorporating inorganic fillers into polymers improves gas transport but often leads to interfacial incompatibility and defects in thin-film composite (TFC) membranes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop microphase-separated polymer blends for enhanced H2/CO2 separation.
  • To investigate the effect of polyimide (PI) loading on blend properties and membrane performance.
  • To create defect-free submicrometer TFC membranes with improved gas separation capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of polymer blends by dispersing a polyimide (6FDA-DAM, PI) phase within a continuous polybenzimidazole (PBI) phase.
  • Systematic investigation of PI loading effects on physical and morphological properties.
  • Characterization of H2 permeability using the Maxwell model and evaluation of H2/CO2 separation performance in TFC membranes.

Main Results:

  • Dispersing 40 mass% PI in PBI increased H2 permeability by 340% (27 to 120 Barrer) at 150 °C.
  • High H2/CO2 selectivity of 10 was maintained, surpassing Robeson's upper bound.
  • Submicrometer TFC membranes exhibited H2 permeance 250% higher than pure PBI membranes due to microphase separation.

Conclusions:

  • Microphase-separated polymer blends offer a versatile and scalable approach to enhance gas separation performance.
  • This method enables the fabrication of high-performance TFC membranes using existing manufacturing processes.
  • The developed membranes show superior H2/CO2 separation properties for energy-efficient applications.