Nasopharyngeal Cancer Screening: Methods, Target Populations, and Next Steps

This article reviews current strategies for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) screening, emphasizing the importance of early detection to improve outcomes. It highlights plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA testing, including advances in molecular profiling by next-generation sequencing that enhances specificity. The role of EBV antibody assays, particularly novel markers like anti-BNLF2b, is discussed for risk stratification and mortality reduction. In addition, emerging biomarkers, genetic variants, and noninvasive methods, such as transoral brushing, are explored to optimize early diagnosis. Overall, integrating these approaches holds promise for more effective, targeted NPC screening in high-risk populations, ultimately reducing mortality and improving patient quality of life.