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Rates and Patterns of Intimate Partner Violence Among Service Members and Veterans.

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Veterans experience and perpetrate intimate partner violence (IPV) more than active service members. Targeted interventions are needed for bidirectional IPV upon military separation.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Military Health
  • Criminology

Background:

  • Military personnel and veterans face elevated risks of intimate partner violence (IPV) compared to the general population.
  • Existing research lacks comparisons of IPV perpetration and victimization between service members and veterans.
  • Understanding unidirectional versus bidirectional IPV patterns within military-affiliated dyads is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare rates and patterns of IPV perpetration and victimization between active duty service members and veterans.
  • To analyze differences in unidirectional and bidirectional IPV based on military status.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized dyadic data from the Millennium Cohort Family Study, including service members (n=2,301) and veterans (n=1,877) and their spouses.
  • Compared prevalence and frequency of IPV experience (victimization) and IPV use (perpetration) between groups.
  • Employed statistical analyses, including adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRR), to assess differences.

Main Results:

  • Veterans showed higher rates of overall IPV experience (aOR: 1.43) and IPV use (aOR: 1.67) compared to service members.
  • Veterans had increased rates of bidirectional IPV (aOR: 1.62) and IPV use (aOR: 2.19) after adjustment.
  • The expected frequency of IPV experience was 47% higher (IRR=1.47) and IPV use 65% higher (IRR=1.65) for veterans relative to service members.

Conclusions:

  • Findings highlight elevated IPV risks for veterans, particularly concerning bidirectional patterns.
  • Investment in IPV prevention and treatment is vital, especially upon military service separation.
  • Targeted programs are necessary to address IPV within dyads involving veterans and their partners.