Quality of experience-aware application deployment in fog computing environments using machine learning

Edge intelligence is fast becoming indispensable as billions of sensors demand real-time inference without saturating backbone links or exposing sensitive data in remote data centres and emerging artificial intelligence (AI)-edge boards such as NVIDIA CPUs, 16 GB RAM, and microcontrollers with chip neural processing unit (NPU) (<1 W). This article introduces the Energy-Smart Component Placement (ESCP) algorithm of fog devices like fog cluster manager nodes (FCMNs) and fog nodes (FNs), allocates modules to fog devices, and saves energy by deactivating inactive devices framework transparently distributes compressed neural workloads across serverless. To optimize the deployment of AI workloads on fog edge devices as a service (FEdaaS), this project aims to provide a reliable and dynamic architecture that guarantees quality of service (QoS) and quality of experience (QoE). The cloud, fog, and extreme edge layers while upholding application-level QoS and QoE. Two machine learning (ML) methods that fuse eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB)-based instantaneous QoS scoring and long short term memory (LSTM) forecasting of node congestion, and a meta-heuristic scheduler that uses XGB for instantaneous QoS scoring and LSTM for short-horizon load forecasting. Compared with a cloud-only baseline, ESCP improved bandwidth utilization by 5.2%, scalability (requests per second) by 3.2%, energy consumption by 3.8% and response time by 2.1% while maintaining prediction accuracy within +0.4%. The results confirm that low-resource AI-edge devices, when orchestrated through our adaptive framework, can meet QoE targets such as 250 ms latency and 24 h of battery life. Future work will explore federated on-device learning to enhance data privacy, extend the scheduler to neuromorphic processors, and validate the architecture in real-time intensive care and smart city deployments.