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Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Multidrug-Resistant Organism Infections in Infected Pancreatic Necrosis: A

Baiqi Liu1,2,3,4, Caihong Ning1,2,3,4, Jiarong Li1,2,3,4

  • 1Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.

Infection and Drug Resistance
|September 24, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly reduced multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infections in patients with infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN). This reduction was linked to decreased antimicrobial use and ICU stays during the pandemic.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic presented unique challenges to healthcare systems globally.
  • Multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infections pose a significant threat, particularly in critically ill patients.
  • Infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is a severe condition often associated with high rates of infection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on MDRO infections in patients with IPN.
  • To analyze trends in MDRO infection rates before, during, and after the pandemic.
  • To identify factors influencing MDRO infection in IPN patients during different pandemic phases.

Main Methods:

  • Post-hoc analysis of a prospective cohort of IPN patients.
  • Stratification into pre-pandemic (2016-2019), pandemic (2020-2022), and post-pandemic (2023-2024) periods.
  • Logistic regression and interrupted time-series analysis (ITSA) for risk factor and trend identification.

Main Results:

  • MDRO infection rates decreased significantly during the pandemic (44.8%) versus pre-pandemic (81.1%).
  • Prophylactic antimicrobial usage and ICU stays were reduced during the pandemic.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic, reduced antimicrobial use, and shorter ICU stays were independently associated with lower MDRO infection rates.

Conclusions:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a substantial reduction in MDRO infections among IPN patients.
  • Stringent infection control measures likely contributed to decreased antimicrobial use and ICU stays, thereby lowering MDRO rates.
  • An increase in MDRO infection was observed in the post-pandemic period compared to the pandemic period.
Keywords:
COVID-19acute pancreatitisantimicrobial resistanceantimicrobial usageinterrupted time-series analysis

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