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Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease
Published on: July 24, 2019
High Cerebrospinal DOPA Decarboxylase Level Predicts Cognitive Decline in Parkinson's Disease
Andrea Sturchio1,2, Wojciech Paslawski1, Shervin Khosousi1
1Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Neuro Svenningsson, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Background:
DOPA decarboxylase (DDC) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an emerging Parkinson's disease (PD) biomarker, but its association with nonmotor symptoms is unclear.
Objectives:
We aimed to determine if baseline DDC was associated with future cognitive decline in PD.
Methods:
We correlated baseline CSF DDC, detected using the proximity extension assay, with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score using longitudinal data from 3 cohorts: Biopark, PPMI, and PDBP.
Results:
DDC was significantly associated with cognitive decline in both the Biopark cohort (P-value < 0.0001) and the PDBP/PPMI cohorts (P-value < 0.0001). The results were still significant after correcting for levodopa-equivalent daily dose in the Biopark cohort (P-value < 0.0001) and when the analysis was restricted to the de novo subjects, both in Biopark (P-value: 0.0065) and PPMI (P-value<0.0001) cohorts.
Conclusions:
CSF DDC is a potential biomarker for the prediction of cognitive decline in PD patients.
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