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COVID-19 Pandemic Restrictions and Pediatric Emergency Department Attendance for Accidents

Alice Boria, Ilaria Acquaviva, Alessio Correani

    Journal of Pediatric Health Care : Official Publication of National Association of Pediatric Nurse Associates & Practitioners
    |September 24, 2025
    PubMed

    Insights

    Italy's COVID-19 emergency measures significantly altered pediatric emergency department (PED) visits for accidents. While overall visits decreased, accident-related attendances initially rose then fell, with shifts in patient age and severity observed.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Emergency Medicine
    • Public Health Policy
    • Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Italy implemented strict COVID-19 public health measures from January 2020 to March 2022.
    • The study investigates the impact of these emergency measures on pediatric emergency department (PED) accident attendances.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 state of emergency on accident-related visits to a pediatric emergency department.
    • To analyze changes in attendance patterns, clinical severity, and patient demographics during different pandemic phases.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of 17,852 accident-related visits in patients ≤15 years.
    • Comparison of prepandemic, emergency pandemic, and post-emergency phases (February 2018 - January 2024).

    Main Results:

    • Accident-related attendances increased during the emergency phase (24.2%) despite a 42.8% drop in overall visits.
    • Post-emergency, accident visits decreased (8.4%), with a rise in critical triage codes and a shift in age distribution towards adolescents.
    • Overall PED attendances remained lower than prepandemic levels post-emergency.

    Conclusions:

    • Pandemic emergency measures significantly altered pediatric emergency care utilization, affecting access, severity, and age groups.
    • Consideration of nurse practitioners is suggested for future pediatric emergency care planning, particularly during public health crises.
    Abstract

    Keywords:
    AccidentsCOVID-19emergency departmentspandemicspediatrics

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