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Pulmonary Involvement in Autoimmune-Mediated Disease.
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a significant complication of autoimmune diseases (AID), affecting up to 50% of patients. Early detection and treatment of ILD are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Pulmonology
- Immunology
Background:
- Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a key manifestation in various autoimmune diseases (AID).
- Management strategies for ILD across different AID types are crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the management of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in patients with autoimmune diseases (AID).
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search of PubMed, focusing on meta-analyses and RCTs.
- Inclusion of guidelines, expert consensus, and clinical experience.
Main Results:
- ILD prevalence varies widely (7-50%) in rheumatic diseases; less common in organ-specific AID.
- Progressive fibrosing course occurs in 16-40% of ILD cases.
- Early diagnosis via PFTs and HRCT is recommended, with regular screening for high-prevalence AID.
Conclusions:
- ILD is a critical manifestation of systemic autoimmune and inflammatory rheumatic diseases.
- Early recognition and targeted pharmacotherapy, including antifibrotics for progressive fibrosis, improve clinical outcomes.
- Interdisciplinary management and considering the underlying disease prognosis are essential.
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