Ending publication bias: A values-based approach to surface null and negative results

Area of Science:

• Scientific publishing
• Research integrity
• Publication ethics

Background:

• Publication bias, the underrepresentation of negative or null results, is a persistent issue in scientific research.
• Existing efforts to address this bias have been fragmented and largely unsuccessful.
• This bias can distort scientific understanding and erode public trust.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose concrete and concerted measures to address publication bias.
• To create and incentivize new pathways for publishing negative and null results.
• To foster a scientific environment where all research outcomes are valued.

Main Methods:

• This work presents a Consensus View, synthesizing perspectives from key stakeholders.
• It outlines actionable strategies for major players in the scientific ecosystem.
• The focus is on creating systemic change rather than isolated interventions.

Main Results:

• Identifies specific roles and responsibilities for funders, research institutions, publishers, learned societies, and the research community.
• Proposes practical measures to encourage the submission and publication of negative results.
• Aims to establish a norm for publishing all scientifically valid findings.

Conclusions:

• Addressing publication bias requires a coordinated effort from all scientific stakeholders.
• Normalizing the publication of negative results will enhance scientific rigor and transparency.
• Implementing these measures is crucial for buttressing public trust in science.