A tweezer array with 6,100 highly coherent atomic qubits.

Area of Science:

• Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
• Quantum Information Science

Background:

• Optical tweezer arrays are crucial for quantum computing, simulation, and metrology, typically trapping tens to hundreds of atomic qubits.
• Scaling to thousands of atomic qubits with long coherence times and high-fidelity imaging remains a significant challenge for quantum error correction (QEC).

Purpose of the Study:

• To experimentally realize a large-scale optical tweezer array exceeding current state-of-the-art performance metrics.
• To demonstrate the feasibility of scaling optical tweezer arrays for advanced quantum information processing.

Main Methods:

• Experimental realization of an optical tweezer array trapping over 6,100 neutral atoms in approximately 12,000 sites.
• Measurement of coherence times, room-temperature trapping lifetimes, and imaging fidelity.
• Demonstration of coherence-preserving qubit transport and pick-up/drop-off operations for zone-based quantum computing.

Main Results:

• Achieved a record coherence time of 12.6(1) seconds for hyperfine qubits in an optical tweezer array.
• Demonstrated room-temperature trapping lifetimes of ~23 minutes with record imaging survival of 99.98952(1)% and >99.99% fidelity.
• Successfully performed large-scale, coherence-preserving qubit operations essential for scalable quantum computing.

Conclusions:

• The developed optical tweezer array surpasses state-of-the-art performance in scalability, coherence, and imaging.
• Results indicate that universal quantum computing and QEC with thousands to tens of thousands of physical qubits are achievable in the near future.