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New Cardiovascular Damage Staging Classification for Chronic Significant Aortic Regurgitation

Alice Bergeron1, Pilar Lopez Santi2, Jérémy Bernard1

  • 1Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec Heart & Lung Institute-Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada.

The Canadian Journal of Cardiology
|September 24, 2025
PubMed

Insights

A new cardiovascular damage staging classification improves risk stratification for chronic aortic regurgitation (AR). This method enhances prediction of mortality and hospitalization, especially for asymptomatic patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Cardiovascular Imaging

Background:

  • Current chronic aortic regurgitation (AR) management relies on limited risk stratification methods.
  • Existing guidelines inadequately predict outcomes based on AR severity, symptoms, and left ventricular (LV) status.
  • There is a need for improved prognostic tools in chronic AR patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a novel staging classification for cardiovascular damage in chronic AR.
  • To assess the prognostic value of this new classification for risk stratification.
  • To determine if the new staging system improves prediction of mortality and cardiovascular events.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 619 patients with moderate or severe AR underwent echocardiography.
  • Patients were classified into 5 stages (0-4) based on the extent of cardiovascular damage.
  • Primary endpoint was all-cause mortality; secondary endpoint was a composite of mortality and cardiovascular hospitalization.

Main Results:

  • Cardiovascular damage stage was independently associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.49 per stage increase) and composite events (HR 1.17).
  • Stage 2 or higher significantly increased the risk of all-cause mortality (HR 3.02) and composite events (HR 1.88).
  • The new classification demonstrated incremental prognostic value, with a significant net reclassification index (NRI = 0.40, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • The novel cardiovascular damage staging classification offers significant prognostic value in chronic AR.
  • This staging system can enhance risk stratification and guide intervention decisions, particularly in asymptomatic patients.
  • The classification provides a more comprehensive assessment of disease burden beyond traditional metrics.
Abstract

Keywords:
aortic regurgitationaortic valvecardiovascular damageechocardiographystaging classificationvalvular heart disease

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