Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography
Published on: March 12, 2021
Identification of elbow joint structures on cadaver sectioned images in various planes for radiologic analysis
Minji Kim1, Hyeonguk Choi1, Beom Sun Chung2
1Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea.
Purpose:
Conventional imaging modalities, including MRI and ultrasonography, often fail to depict the intricate anatomy of the elbow in sufficient detail. This study presents high-resolution sectional and surface anatomical images to enhance understanding of elbow morphology and aid interpretation of MRI and ultrasound in clinical practice.
Methods:
Sectioned images of a male cadaver from the Visible Korean dataset were analyzed. The cadaver was sectioned horizontally at 0.2-mm intervals and photographed to produce high-resolution (3040 × 2008 pixels), true-color images. Coronal and sagittal reconstructions were generated to visualize elbow structures. Bones, muscles, blood vessels, and nerves were identified and traced across multiple planes, and the resulting images were compared with corresponding ultrasound views to confirm spatial correlations.
Results:
The images revealed various elbow structures in great detail. Horizontal images displayed muscle origins and insertions, and ligament orientations, while coronal images highlighted the relationships between tendons and ligaments. Sagittal images distinctly showed the articulation of the humeroulnar and humeroradial joints. Additionally, illustrations of surface anatomy facilitated the correlation with clinical ultrasound images. No significant anatomical variations were observed compared to established literature.
Conclusion:
The high-resolution anatomical images presented in this study enhance understanding of elbow anatomy and facilitate MRI and ultrasound interpretation. These resources can support more accurate diagnosis and treatment of elbow disorders and serve as effective educational tools for medical trainees.
Related Concept Videos
Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna
Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a...
Body Planes
The sagittal plane is the plane that divides the body or an organ vertically into right and left sides. If this vertical plane runs directly down the middle of the body resulting in equal division, it is called the midsagittal or median...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus
Anatomical Movements
Here are some common anatomical movements:
Flexion and extension motions are in the sagittal (anterior–posterior) plane of motion. These movements take place at the shoulder, hip, elbow, knee, wrist,...

