Intra-arterial Chemotherapy for Retinoblastoma: Real-world Experience.

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Pediatric Oncology
• Medical Treatment

Background:

• Intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) is a standard treatment for retinoblastoma (RB).
• Evaluating IAC outcomes in diverse populations is essential for refining treatment protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the efficacy, safety, and challenges of IAC for retinoblastoma in an Indian cohort.
• To analyze globe salvage rates, tumor regression, and adverse events associated with IAC in RB management.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 21 eyes in 20 retinoblastoma patients treated with IAC.
• Drugs administered included melphalan, topotecan, and carboplatin in various combinations.
• Eyes were staged using the International Classification of Retinoblastoma (ICRB) criteria.

Main Results:

• Successful globe salvage was achieved in 81% of treated eyes with a median follow-up of 20 months.
• Complete tumor regression occurred in 57% of eyes, with partial regression in 43%.
• Adverse effects included vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment, choroidal ischemia, and ophthalmic artery stenosis.

Conclusions:

• Intra-arterial chemotherapy is an effective treatment for retinoblastoma, offering high globe salvage rates.
• Awareness and management of IAC-associated adverse effects are critical for optimal patient outcomes.
• This study provides valuable insights into IAC's real-world application and limitations in resource-constrained environments.