The Potential Iatrogenic Effects of Interview, Experimental, and Prevention Studies of Self-Injurious Behavior in Children and Adolescents: A Literature Review Abstract: Suicidal thoughts and behavior and nonsuicidal self-injury have a high prevalence rate in adolescence and young adulthood. Nevertheless, there are numerous research gaps, some of which are associated with concerns that assessing suicidality and conducting studies with suicidality/nonsuicidal self-injury stimuli could lead to iatrogenic effects. This literature review provides an overview of survey, prevention, and experimental studies that have investigated the question of the potential iatrogenic effects of studies of suicidality and self-injury in adolescents and young adults. For this review, we considered 21 studies. In summary, the vast majority of studies found no evidence of iatrogenic effects such as more suicidal thoughts, self-injurious behavior, or severe psychological stress as a result of study participation. The results indicate to decision-makers that current guidelines should enable and promote the ethical conduct of studies with sensitive content, such as suicidality and self-injury. The central relevance of increased scientific studies is twofold: first, in terms of the increase in knowledge and, second, in terms of the sustainable improvement of care.