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[Liothyronine augmentation in depression].

A Post, J H Hoogeveen

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    |September 25, 2025
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Liothyronine (T3) augmentation to SSRIs shows limited evidence for treating depression. More placebo-controlled trials are needed to confirm its effectiveness as a third-line treatment option.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Psychiatry
    • Clinical Trials

    Background:

    • The Dutch Guideline for Depression suggests liothyronine (T3) as a third-line augmentation therapy for SSRIs in moderate to severe depression.
    • This recommendation is based on two network meta-analyses that indicated potential efficacy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To critically evaluate the existing evidence regarding the efficacy of liothyronine (T3) when used as an augmentation strategy with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for depression.

    Main Methods:

    • A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed and Cochrane Central databases.
    • The search focused on controlled trials that investigated the addition of T3 to SSRI treatment for depression.

    Main Results:

    • Seven studies were identified: three on augmentation and four on co-initiation. The single placebo-controlled augmentation study found no significant T3 effect.
    • Active-controlled augmentation studies yielded mixed results, with one suggesting superiority over lithium and another showing similar efficacy to other options.
    • Co-initiation trials reported inconsistent outcomes, with some favoring T3 and others showing no difference or worse results.

    Conclusions:

    • The current evidence does not sufficiently establish the efficacy of T3 augmentation to SSRIs for depression.
    • Existing meta-analyses rely heavily on active-controlled studies, limiting definitive conclusions.
    • A long-term, placebo-controlled trial is essential to accurately determine the effectiveness of T3 augmentation in SSRI-treated depression.