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History of biomechanical orthodontics in Italy
M A A Karaboue1, A Ballini2, M E Bizzoca1
1Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
Abstract:
From the anatomical studies of Renaissance artists to the advent of modern orthodontic biomechanics, the Italian contribution to orthodontics reflects a rich history of innovation and scientific insight. This review traces the historical development of biomechanical principles in Italian orthodontics, highlighting major figures such as Edmondo Muzj and Domenico Arnone. Beginning with early cephalometric and biometric explorations in the early 20th century, it covers the evolution of diagnostic tools, the influence of international techniques like the Begg method, and the institutional milestones that shaped the field. Italy's interdisciplinary approach, incorporating anthropometry, biomechanics, and aesthetics, continues to inform clinical orthodontic practice today.
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